In the late 1950's, the Russian-American engineer, Igor Ansoff, a founder of strategic management, argued that strategic planning was essential for firms operating in a complex, turbulent environment. At that time, sociologists dominated the research on strategic adaptation of non-profit organisations primarily and concluded that ad-hoc management was appropriate...

LAARC is a standard sales resistance mitigation tactic. The acronym stands for LISTEN, ACKNOWLEDGE, ASSESS, RESPOND, CONFIRM. Buyers' objections in the sales process are natural and should be regarded as requests for additional information and triggers for acceptance rather than as negative remarks. LAARC categorizes objections in the...

In 1966, Raymond Vernon published a model that described internationalisation patterns of organisations. He looked at how U.S. companies developed into multinational corporations (MNCs) at a time when these firms dominated global trade, and per capita income in the U.S. was, by far, the highest of all the developed countries. Raymond Vernon was part...

The Canadian academic, Henry Mintzberg who had trained as a mechanical engineer, wrote his PhD thesis at the MIT Sloan School of Management analysing the actual work habits and time management of chief executive officers (CEOs). In 1973, Mintzberg's thesis on the nature of managerial work was adopted as a study and published for a wider audience. Mintzberg's...